Carbon Black
Carbon Black
Chinese Carbon Black Industry Begins to Revive by the Promotion of the Tire Industry
www.shcri.com — The carbon black industry chain includes: coal, petroleum – coke, tar, naphtha (the coking industry) – anthracene, naphthaline and other condensed-nuclei aromatics – carbon black – tire (the rubber industry) – automobile. Carbon black has the strengthening action on rubbers and they are commonly used for improving the performances of rubbers. Currently, carbon black has become the rubber compounding ingredient with the largest consumption in the world. The carbon black consumption usually accounts for 40% – 50% of the rubber consumption. In the rubber compounding, the proportion between the rubber and carbon black is usually 2:1. As China is rich in coal resources, most carbon black uses the coal tar as the raw material for production.
Analysis on the developing situation of Chinese coking industry
1. The operation status of those coking industries with the complete industry chain is slightly better. At present, the demands for cokes in the steel industry account for 85% of the total coke demands. In terms of the coke outputs, the coke outputs of integrated iron and steel enterprises remain increasing, with the YOY increase of 5.12% in 2008 and 2.84% in the first half of 2009. The coke outputs of independent coking coal enterprises remain decreasing, with the decrease of 2.84% in 2008 and 13.54% in the first half of 2009.
2. The financial crisis remains affecting the industry greatly. From January to May in 2009, the output of Chinese domestic cokes was reduced by 7.4% YOY and the export coke volume was reduced by 96.7% YOY. In the first half of 2009, the price difference between coals and cokes was about 500 RMB/ton. In 2008, the price difference was 1,000 RMB/ton. The severe decrease of the product prices had resulted in the bad overall returns of the industry.
3. The future developing trend of the coking industry was the coexistence of challenges and opportunities. In the short term, the coking industry will face serious challenges. Domestic demand hasn’t recovered completely and the international demand is even worse; as to costs, the energy saving and emission reduction pressures are being improved and the prices of cokes (raw materials) and crude oil (transportation costs) tend to increase, which will cause stresses on the coking industry. In the long term, the implementation of the national ten industry revitalization planning will increase the steel demands and promote the development of the coking industry; the implementation of Admittance Condition of Coking Industry, Revitalization Plan of the Petrochemical Industry and other policies will expand and strengthen competitive enterprises.
Analysis on the situation of Chinese carbon black industry
1. Chinese carbon black industry suffered heavy losses in 2008. The profits of Chinese carbon black enterprises were reduced by nearly 50% YOY in 2008. The main reasons were: first, the raw material prices increased sharply in the first half year while the rising rate of the carbon black prices was small, so enterprises were operated with high costs; second, the demands in the tire market were reduced greatly and the sales prices decreased severely, reducing the profits of the carbon black industry substantially.
2. Chinese carbon black industry is in the rising stage at present. Currently, 89.5% of the total outputs of Chinese domestic carbon black are used for rubber products and 67.5% of the total outputs of the rubber products are used for manufacturing tires. Since 2009, Chinese automobiles have sold well and the sales volumes surpassed America for five months. Chinese automobile market has become the global largest automobile market. The automobile sales volume of China in May was 1.102 million, rising by 31.89% YOY. Among them, the passenger vehicle sales volume was 811,000, rising by 43.7% YOY.
The recovery of the automobile industry has promoted the recovery of the tire industry. In the first half of 2009, main Chinese tire manufactures began to restore the normal production and the tire stocks were reduced obviously. The investment programs in the tire industry were restarted. In the first half of 2009, Chinese tire sales volumes remained increasing monthly and many tire enterprises were running in full capacity. The total profits of the whole industry in February, 2009, were 14.39 million RMB, decreasing by 98% YOY. The total profits of the whole industry in May, 2009, reached 3.8 billion RMB, rising by 43% YOY.
The recovery of Chinese tire industry has promoted the recovery of the carbon black industry. In the first half of 2009, Chinese carbon black price was improved from 4,200 RMB/ton at the beginning of the year to 6,100 RMB/ton in June with a growth rate of 45%. Carbon black enterprises remained high operation rates and the demands of products exceeded the supplies.
3. The future developing trend is that the carbon black industry will remain the sustainable development. The high-growth driven powers and the improvement of people’s living standards will sustainably increase the automobile demands; the policy support will promote the rapid development of the automobile industry; the development of the highway infrastructures will increase the demands for tires, rubbers and industrial rubber products. Based on these factors, it is estimated that the carbon black industry will grow rapidly.
Source: China Research and Intelligence
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Based on the database, Interviews and research methods from China Research and Intelligence, CRI analyzes the development and opportunities in this industry clearly.
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Eileen Gu
China Research and Intelligence
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Based on the technique of carbon black industry get rid of the "two high" hat
Mentioned before, carbon black production, people tend to associate the high pollution, high energy consumption such words. But the average tons of domestic consumption of carbon black production is only: 380 kwh electricity, water, 5 tons, 1.4 tons of steam, conversion of coal equivalent 231 kg, while the majority of exhaust gas power generation has become the common business actions. Carbon black industry is no longer the people think of high pollution, high energy consumption industries.
In the past, because of technical backwardness, coupled with higher carbon black feedstock consumption, carbon black industry was once considered a high-pollution industries with high energy consumption. As mentioned in the 80 years before, a single furnace capacity of 2000 to 3,000 tons of small, large and only 5,000 tons. At that time production of 1 ton of carbon black feedstock consumed more than 3 tons. As the technology behind, no bag filter installation, dust pollution in big white shirt workers often become black shirt, and the surrounding trees were blackened. From the mid-80s, black enterprise is gradually introducing new technology-ton furnace, with bag filter device, and use exhaust gas for power generation, so that the oil consumption of raw materials fell to 1.8 to 2.0 tons.
Wet granulating carbon black carbon black collection system to improve the use of high-quality glass fiber yarn glass needle felt and filter bag body expanding to 99.5% filtration efficiency 99.8%, carbon black dust level in 18 mg / cubic meters or less, to take the white smoke that Ringelmann black chimney in a less degree. To this end, the late 90′s, proposed the elimination of carbon black industry under tons of furnace, dry granulation method is wet granulation of the slogan. But in 2002, our carbon black in pollution technology behind the 10,000 tons / year below the dry granulating carbon black is also more than half.
With the company in recent years, awareness of environmental protection, the carbon black carbon black business in the new device commonly used by high-performance single-furnace wet granulation methods, dry granulating carbon black production plant has basically been eliminated, 1.5 tons of furnace fuel oil consumption has dropped to 1.8 tons less. Ton of carbon black industry in recent years new technology devices and carbon black production capacity of a single reactor, rapid increase in size of the existing production line and new corporate carbon black production capacity of the basic single line in the 20,000 tons / year to 4 million tons / year . Large units not only greatly enhanced the carbon black feedstock oil combustion, pyrolysis reaction process, improve product quality, increase product variety, product unit consumption has dropped substantially, the size of carbon black industry, oil business unit consumption of raw materials than two years ago reduced by 10%.
Today, many black businesses to expand carbon black capacity at the same time, have increased the exhaust gas generating capacity, the association member companies, 50 thousand tons / year or more enterprises have a total generating capacity reached 180,000 kilowatts, the whole approximately 1.44 billion kwh in electricity generation, standard coal 177,000 tons. Many businesses owned station, apart from meeting the production, power consumption, but also to the regional power grid or other units, an increase of economic efficiency of enterprises. As the Taiwan Rubber Chemical Industry Company in the generating capacity of 2.7 million kilowatts, Hebei Lone Star Chemical Group was 1.2 million kilowatts, Hebei and Shandong large bright East China Industrial Group Co., Ltd. rubber materials are 10,500 kilowatts, which a few firms have a / 2, the external transmission capacity. General wet granulating carbon black production lines, electricity consumption per ton of carbon is about 380 kwh, at 0.5 yuan / kWh electricity price calculated per ton of carbon through the exhaust can reduce the cost of generating 190 yuan. In addition to internal circulation, the company also implemented some business to business cycle. Such as the number of black enterprises and co-coking plant, using coke oven gas as carbon black production of fuel, reducing fuel consumption and lower costs. Jiangxi Black Cat Carbon Black Co., Ltd. will be as black exhaust all available to the coking oven Gas Plant’s heating, not only environmentally, but also realized the black, coking waste heat utilization of resources, energy conservation, while also solve the the tail gas pollution. Tail gas is a low calorific value, high water, toxic and explosive gases, carbon monoxide and other harmful ingredients, use of exhaust gas for power generation, the chemical can make full use of exhaust heat, to obtain better purification results achieved energy saving, environmental protection and good economic benefits.
In addition, many black businesses in the key equipment – the temperature of the air preheater, in improving the yield of carbon black, lower oil consumption of raw materials, while also strengthening the reaction conditions, a decrease of acute cold water sprayed into the volume, improve the exhaust gas heat value, an increase of exhaust gas boiler combustion stability. Rising Star of 2005 by Shijiazhuang Carbon Co., 950 ℃ the first to use ultra-high temperature air preheater, then, to believe in Shanxi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Special Chemical Co., Ltd. Shanxi Wang, Shanxi Hengda Chemical Co., Ltd., Shandong Huadong Rubber Material Co., Ltd., more enterprises are gradually installed 800 ℃ -950 ℃ temperature air preheater are achieved good operating results.
Now, carbon black feedstock oil used in the production of ethylene by-product of the use and production of coke, coal chemical by-products as raw materials to produce carbon black product is coal and oil lines of circular economy an important part of the chain as a carbon black production should not be used as a feedstock to energy consumption evaluation, they transition between energy, rather than consumption. Carbon black industry is a coking coal industry and the petrochemical industry, chemical industry and an important part of the chain, as the low value-added products into higher value-added tire and rubber industry indispensable reinforcing filler material important industry.
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